Four independent transformed shoots were obtained with a maximum of 5.3% efficiency. Other than PCR selection, probe-based duplex droplet digital PCR (ddPCR) was performed to determine the T-DNA insert. Transformed strawberry was developed through an Agrobacterium-mediated strategy without any selectable markers. vesca, harboring a sugar transporter gene FvSTP8 driven by a fruit-specific FvKnox promoter.
The expression cassette was assembled with all DNA fragments from F. ‘Shanghai Angel’ by optimizing the dose of Thidiazuron and identifying the most suitable explants. A robust regeneration protocol was developed for the strawberry cv. Using an intragenic strategy to bring genes from wild species to cultivated strawberry could expand the genetic variability. Intragenesis is an all-native engineering technology for crop improvement. The review also provides an outline of GM fruit and vegetable research prioritisation along with road map for future work. In this review, there is an attempt by the authors to compile and discuss the modulation in postharvest biology, edible quality, functional properties and storage life of genetically modified fruit and vegetable along with challenges in their use and consumer acceptance. However, rigorous testing and trials to elucidate any unfounded fear and notion are warranted before the release of genetically modified (GM) crops for ensuring environmental and food safety. The need of the hour calls upon us to use modern-day technologies such as genetic engineering in horticultural field as well for eradication of globally widespread hunger and malnutrition while the population is escalating and climate change is imminent. Genetic engineering techniques offer opportunities for deliberate modulation and enhance the bio-functionality and bio-availability of horticultural crops, particularly fruit and vegetable which can aid in realising the goals of food and nutritional security for the burgeoning world population. In conclusion, our results provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of FvRIPK1 in plant growth. In addition, FvRIPK1 interacted with FvSnRK2.6 and phosphorylated each other, thus forming the FvRIPK1–FvSnRK2.6 complex.
The distinct expression level of FvABI1 and FvABI4, together with the similar expression level of FvSnRK2.2 and FvSnRK2.6 in the FvRIPK1- and FvABAR/CHLH-RNAi plants, suggested that FvRIPK1 regulated plant morphogenesis probably by ABA signaling. Interestingly, the downregulation of the FvCHLH/ABAR expression could not affect FvRIPK1 transcripts but remarkably reduced FvABI1 transcripts and promoted FvABI4, FvSnRK2.2, and FvSnRK2.6 transcripts in the contrast of the non-transgenic plants to the FvCHLH/FvABAR-RNAi plants, in which chlorophyll contents were not affected but had abscisic acid (ABA) response in stomata movement and drought stress. Downregulation of FvRIPK1 inhibited plant morphogenesis, showing curled leaves also, this silencing significantly reduced FvABAR and FvABI1 transcripts and promoted FvABI4, FvSnRK2.2, and FvSnRK2.6 transcripts. Here, based on our first establishment of Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of germinating seeds in diploid strawberry by FvCHLH/FvABAR, a reporter gene that functioned in chlorophyll biosynthesis, we got FvRIPK1-RNAi mutants. Problems and prospects for future applications of genetic transformation in strawberry are also discussed.Ī strawberry RIPK1, a leu-rich repeat receptor-like protein kinase, is previously demonstrated to be involved in fruit ripening as a positive regulator however, its role in vegetable growth remains unknown. This paper reviews recent progress in genetic transformation of strawberry on increasing resistance to viruses, fungi, insects, herbicides, stress, and achieving better quality. Enormous advances have been made in strawberry genetic transformation since the first transgenic strawberry plant was obtained in 1990. Genetic transformation has opened a new era for greater creativity in strawberry breeding and germplasm by offering an effective method for creating new varieties that selectively targets a specific interested gene or a few heterologous traits. Although traditional breeding methods have achieved steady improvement in agronomic traits, the lack of useful economic characters still remains a major challenge. For these reasons, strawberry has been recognized as excellent germplasm for genetic and molecular studies for the Rosaceae family.
Strawberry is unique within the Rosaceae because it is a rapidly growing herbaceous perennial with a small genome, short reproductive cycle, and facile vegetative and generative propagation for genetic transformation. Strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa Duch.), a member of the Rosaceae family, is one of the most important fruit crops cultivated worldwide.
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